Lecture Notes 11/2/09

Lecture Notes Ch. 18, 20

Chapter 18 – The Internet

According to the Pew Internet and American Life Project, about 70 million Americans use the Internet on a typical day

The Internet – the worldwide connection of computer networks that allows a user to access information located anywhere else on the network

http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/wed-july-19-2006/net-neutrality-act

The World Wide Web – the set of technologies that places a graphical interface on the Internet, allowing users to interact with their computers using a mouse, icons and other intuitive elements rather than typing obscure computer commands

1950s – U.S. Department of Defense begins researching ways to create a decentralized communication system to allow researchers and government officials to communicate in the aftermath of a nuclear attack

A computer network was created by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA); they sought a way to connect local area networks (LANs) with wide area networks (WANs) to form an “internetwork,” later shortened to Internet

1969 – ARPA successfully interconnects four computers in California and Utah, creating ARPANET

TCP/IP (transmissions control protocol) – key innovation in development of ARPANET; method of data transmission in which information is broken into “packets” that are “addressed” to reach a given destination; once it reaches the destination, the information is reassembled to recreate the original message

1975 – 100 computers connected to ARPANET; 1984 – 1,000 computers

1983 – ARPANET formally became known as the Internet

2008 – over 500 million computers connected to Internet

Text-Based Internet Applications

E-mail, newsgroups and chat existed before the World Wide Web

Telnet and ftp allow you to log onto and control a remote computer and exchange files with a remote computer, respectively; have been replaced by Web-based applications

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6zqXio4hdQ

World Wide Web

Tim Berners-Lee – creator of HTML (hypertext markup language) that allows users to explore information on the Internet; primary innovations of HTML are its graphical interface and seamless linking capability

browser – accesses WWW documents by interpreting the HTML coding and displaying the appropriate information on the user’s computer

uniform resources locator (URL) – based on domain names and tell a browser the address of the computer the user wants to access

HTML documents can be created on a word processing program or a program like Microsoft Frontpage or Adobe Dreamweaver that allow you to place various elements on the screen and then the program creates the HTML coding to display the page on a browser

extensible markup language (XML) – another protocol for sharing information over computer networks

Social Networking

The Internet has always facilitated interpersonal computing but social networking takes it a step further by allowing an individual to connect with everyone in their network who chooses to be connected

Popular social networking sites by region:

U.S. – Facebook and MySpace
Europe – Bebo http://www.bebo.com/
Latin America – Orkut https://www.google.com/accounts/ServiceLogin?service=orkut&hl=en-US&rm=false&continue=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orkut.com%2FRedirLogin%3Fmsg%3D0%26page%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.orkut.com%252FHome.aspx&cd=US&passive=true&skipvpage=true&sendvemail=false
Asia – Friendster http://www.friendster.com/

Asia has the most social networking users and highest growth rate; Latin American residents use social networking sites 349 minutes a month, North American users are second with 249 minutes a month

Facebook currently has 300 million users worldwide http://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=136782277130

DQ: Do you think social networking is a fad or a permanent part of the Internet? Are certain sites fads?

Dark Side

Three types of malware: viruses and worms, spyware and spam

In 2005, estimated 1 in 44 emails contained malware; users have become more savvy in how they use the Internet because of these potential threats

DQ: Have you ever fallen victim to malware?

Chapter 20 – Electronic Commerce

Two-thirds of Americans who are on the Internet have purchased something online, according to the Pew Internet and American Life

DQ: Have you purchased anything online?

E-business – any procedure that a business organization conducts over a computer mediated network

E-commerce – any transaction over a computer mediated network that involves the transfer of ownership or rights to use goods or services

In 2007, e-commerce accounted for only 3.4% of all the commerce in that year, up from 2.9% in 2006; it grew by 19% while the overall economy only grew by 4%; e-commerce is growing faster than the overall economy but still accounts for a small part of the economy

E-commerce has expanded in the areas of content, services and convenience

Growth of m-commerce

More services, such as GPS mapping services and downloading songs, are being offered through mobile platforms

U.S. m-commerce growth is slow compared to other countries; many believe this is because of competing standards from U.S. companies and reluctance of U.S. consumers to transmit personal data using their cell phone

DQ: Have purchased a product or done any banking using your cell phone? How would you feel about using your cell phone in this way?